DEFINITIONS
Gastritis is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
CAUSE
Layer resist gastric irritation and usually resistant to strong acid. But the stomach lining to become irritated and inflamed due to several causes:
Gastritis is usually the result of bacterial infection by Helicobacter pylori (the bacteria that grows in the mucus-producing cells in the lining of the stomach). No other bacteria that normally grow in the acidic stomach, but if the stomach does not produce acid, various bacteria can grow in the stomach. These bacteria can cause gastritis or gastritis settle temporarily.
Gastritis due to acute stress, is the most severe type of gastritis, caused by severe illness or trauma (injury) that occurred unexpectedly. The injury itself may not be on the stomach, as happened in extensive burns or injury that causes bleeding.
Chronic erosive gastritis may be a result of:
- Irritant substances such as drugs, especially aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory other
- Crin's disease
- Viral and bacterial infections.
Gastritis occurs slowly in healthy people, may be accompanied by bleeding or ulcer formation (ulcer, open wound). Most often occurs in alcoholics.
Gastritis due to a virus or fungus can occur in people with chronic illnesses or people with impaired immune systems.
Eosinophilic gastritis can occur as a result of an allergic reaction to infestation of roundworms.
Eosinophils (white blood cell) accumulate in the stomach wall.
Atrophied gastritis occurs when antibodies attack the stomach lining, so that the stomach lining becomes very thin and lose some or all of the cells that produce acid and enzymes. This situation usually occurs in the elderly.
Gastritis is also likely to occur in people who have some stomach removed (partial gastrectomy surgery). Atrophied gastritis can lead to pernicious anemia because it affects the absorption of vitamin B12 from food.
Disease F? Ni ere is a type of gastritis that the cause is unknown. Stomach wall becomes thick, wide pleats, the gland is enlarged and has a fluid-filled cyst. Approximately 10% of patients with this disease suffer from stomach cancer.
Plasma cell gastritis Gastritis is the cause is unknown. Plasma cells (a type of white blood cells) accumulate in the stomach wall and other organs.
Gastritis may also occur if someone swallows or corrosive materials receive high levels of radiation therapy.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms vary, depending on the type gastritis. Usually the gastritis patients experiencing gastrointestinal disorders (indigent) and discomfort in the upper abdomen. In acute stress gastritis, the cause (egg severe illness, burns or injury) is usually covered the gastric symptoms, but the upper stomach feels uncomfortable.
Immediately after the injury, incurred a small bruise on the stomach lining. Within hours, these bruises can turn into ulcers. Ulcers and gastritis can disappear when people recover quickly from injury. If the patient remains pain, ulcers may enlarge and begin to experience bleeding, usually within 2-5 days after the injury.
Bleeding causes such as asphalt-black-colored stool, gastric liquid becomes red and if very severe, blood pressure may drop. Bleeding can spread and be fatal. Symptoms of Chronic erosive gastritis of mild nausea and pain in the upper abdomen. But many patients (egg long-term aspirin users) do not feel pain. Other sufferers experience symptoms similar to ulcers, including pain when the stomach is empty.
If the gastritis causing bleeding from stomach ulcers, symptoms can include:
- Such as asphalt-black colored stools (Malena)
- Vomiting blood (hematemesis) or partly digested food, which resembles coffee grounds.
In eosinophilic gastritis, abdominal pain and vomiting can be caused by a narrowing or blockage of gastric canal tip that led to the duodenum. In disease M? Ni? Re, the most common symptom is abdominal pain was found. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and weight loss, more rare. It never occurred stomach bleeding.
Fluid retention and tissue swelling (edema) could be due to loss of protein from the inflamed stomach lining. This missing protein mixed with stomach contents and disposed of the body.
In the plasma cell gastritis, abdominal pain and vomiting may occur simultaneously with the onset of rash in the skin and diarrhea. Gastritis due to radiation therapy causes pain, nausea and heartburn (a sense of warmth or burning sensation behind the breastbone), which occurs because of inflammation and sometimes because of the ulcers in the stomach. Ulcers can penetrate the stomach wall, so that the stomach contents spill into the abdominal cavity, causing peritonitis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and incredible pain. Stomach looked stiff and this situation requires emergency surgery.
Sometimes after radiation therapy, form scar tissue that causes narrowing of the stomach channel leading to the duodenum, resulting in abdominal pain and vomiting. Radiation can damage the protective lining of the stomach, so that bacteria can get into the stomach wall and cause severe pain that appears suddenly.
DIAGNOSIS
If a person's upper abdominal pain accompanied by nausea or heartburn, the doctor will expect it as gastritis. If symptoms persist, rarely needed examination and treatment started based on the possible causes. If the diagnosis is not conclusive, may need to be done with a gastric endoscopy examination and biopsy (sampling of the stomach lining to be examined under a microscope).
TREATMENT
If the cause is infection by Helicobacter pylori, then given bismuth, antibiotics (egg claritromycindan amoxicillin and anti-ulcer drug (omeprazole).
Patients with acute stress gastritis because many of them have healing after the cause (serious illness, injury or bleeding) was successfully overcome. But about 2% of patients with acute stress gastritis due to bleeding that is often fatal. Because prevention is done by giving the antacid (to neutralize stomach acid) and anti-ulcer drug that strong (to reduce or stop the formation of stomach acid).
Bleeding due to gastritis due to acute stress can be overcome by closing the source of bleeding on endoscopy action. If bleeding continues, perhaps the entire stomach should be removed. Chronic erosive gastritis can be treated with antacids. Patients should avoid certain medications (egg aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, etc.) and foods that cause stomach irritation. Misoprostol may reduce the risk of developing ulcers because of medication non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.
To relieve the blockage at the outlet of the stomach in eosinophilic gastritis, can be given corticosteroids or surgery. Atrophies gastritis can not be cured. Most patients should receive additional injections of vitamin B12. Disease F? Ni ere can be cured by lifting some or all of the stomach. Plasma cell gastritis can be treated with anti-ulcer drug that blocks the release of stomach acid.
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