#epidemicpmk #NEWS World Health. The emergence of outbreaks of mouth and nail disease (FMD) in several parts of Indonesia has made many farmers nervous to the wider community. FMD or also known as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Apthtae Epizooticae is an acute infectious animal disease caused by viruses. Why should we be wary of FMD disease

Why should we be wary of FMD disease?

1. The disease can spread very quickly following the transport flow of meat and infected livestock.

2. Causes huge economic losses (permanent weight loss)

3. Control is difficult and complex because it requires huge vaccination costs as well as strict monitoring of animal traffic.

4. The country of Indonesia consists of tens of thousands of islands and hundreds of large and small ports, making it prone to smuggling livestock and materials of animal origin (meat, skins, etc.) from fmd endemic countries such as India, Brazil, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and surrounding areas.

Cause

1. Type A virus of the family Picornaviridae, genus Apthovirus.

2. Incubation period of 2-14 days (the period from the time the animal contracted the disease until symptoms of the disease arise)

Susceptible animals

Cows, buffaloes, camels, elephants, deer, goats, sheep and pigs.

Ways of Transmission

1. Direct or indirect contact with the patient's animal (droplets, nasal melts, skin flakes).

2. Living vectors (carried away by humans, etc.)

3. Not a living vector (carried away by transport cars, equipment, cage mats etc.)

4. Scattered by wind, special temperate areas (reaching 60 km on land and 300 km at sea).

There are thousands of livestock in Indonesia that have been reported to be infected with FMD in recent times.

So what exactly is PMK and its impact on humans?

20,000 animals infected in the city of aceh. "The spread of foot and mouth disease in Aceh has reached 19,830 individuals," he said in Aceh city, Thursday.

Of the nearly twenty thousand cases, Rahmandi said that Aceh Tamiang Regency was the point of the highest distribution of the FMD outbreak, reaching 8,463 individuals.

PREVENTION

A. Prevention By Biosecurity:

1. Protection in the free zone by limiting animal movement, traffic control and carrying out surveillance.

2. Slaughter of infected animals, newly recovered animals, and animals that may be in contact with FMD agents.

3. Disinfect assets and all infected materials (cage equipment, cars, clothes, etc.)

4. Destroy carcasses, litter, and all animal products in the infected area.

5. Quarantine measures.

B. Prevention by medical means

For infected areas:

1. Active viral vaccines containing adjuvants

2. Immunity 6 months after two vaccinations, depends in part on the antigen associated with the vaccine and the strain being infected.

For free areas (Indonesia):

1. Livestock traffic control

2. Prohibition of importation of livestock from infected areas

What is the effect of FMD on humans?

Reporting from the Journal of Agriculture Victoria, FMD is not considered a health problem for humans because transmission from animals to humans is very rare.

However, humans can carry the virus that lingers in their nose for 24 hours and transmits it to other animals.

FMD in English is known as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) so it is often mistaken for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) or the Singapore flu which mostly affects children.

https://mesothelioma-news-health.blogspot.com/2012/03/mesothelioma-lung-cancer-in-indonesia.html

Epidemic disease outbreak in Indonesia- 20,000 head of farm animals infected in one city